This review critically examines recent research on cultured meat’s (CM) sustainability claims and challenges. Environmental assessments reveal CM production is highly energy-intensive, with benefits contingent on renewable energy use. Nutritional quality remains uncertain, with knowledge gaps requiring investigation. Technical scalability, regulatory hurdles, and consumer acceptance pose additional obstacles. While CM has attracted significant investment based on purported environmental and ethical advantages, evidence suggests many claims are overly ambitious. The industry faces complex scientific, technological, and market barriers to achieving commercial viability and realizing sustainability promises.
