Pooled CRISPR screens identifies key regulators of bovine stem cell expansion for cultured meat

Researchers are addressing the slow growth and limited lifespan of bovine mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs), key obstacles in cultured meat production, by using CRISPR gene editing. A screen targeting 603 genes found that deactivating TP53 and PTEN significantly boosted bMSC proliferation and delayed senescence, offering a genetic strategy to lower costs and accelerate production. While these genes are known tumor suppressors and their manipulation raises safety concerns, their knockout enhances proliferation by increasing cell division and extending the cells’ lifespan. However, this comes at the cost of reduced differentiation potential, particularly for fat and muscle cells. The study also identified other genes, including those involved in metabolic and signaling pathways, that can promote proliferation. This CRISPR framework is a powerful tool for optimizing cells for large-scale biomanufacturing, but its use in food production requires a careful approach to regulatory and safety challenges, such as genomic instability and consumer acceptance.

Source: Pooled CRISPR screens identifies key regulators of bovine stem cell expansion for cultured meat | Communications Biology